Onions, scientifically known as Allium cepa, are bulbous vegetables characterized by their layered structure and pungent flavor. They come in various colors, including white, yellow, and red, each offering a distinct taste profile. Onions are commonly used in a wide range of dishes, adding depth and aroma to soups, stews, salads, and sauces. They are also rich in vitamins C and B6, manganese, and antioxidants, contributing to numerous health benefits, such as improved heart health and reduced inflammation.

Onions are cultivated worldwide, thriving in well-drained soil with plenty of sunlight. Major production areas include China, India, the United States, and Turkey. They can be grown in various climates, making them a staple vegetable in many cuisines and a fundamental ingredient in global cooking.